T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck salg\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r. Her iki kula\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde birer tane (Parotis bezi), her iki \u00e7ene alt\u0131nda birer tane (Submandibuler bez), her iki dilalt\u0131nda birer tane (Sublingual bez) olmak \u00fczere toplam 6 adettir. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131z bo\u015flu\u011fu, burun, sin\u00fcsler, yutak, g\u0131rtlak, nefes borusu ve bron\u015f mukozas\u0131nda bulunan say\u0131lar\u0131 400-600 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen min\u00f6r t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra y\u00fcz\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn her bir taraf\u0131na yerle\u015fmi\u015f, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kanallarla a\u011f\u0131z bo\u015flu\u011funa ba\u011flanan b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerimiz de bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanserlerinin \u00e7e\u015fitleri di\u011fer KBB kanserlerine g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha fazlad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn verilerine g\u00f6re 23 \u00e7e\u015fidi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu da bu t\u00fcm\u00f6rlere yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Kabaca t\u00fcm\u00f6rler, iyi huylu (benign) ve k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu (malign) olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130yi huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rler daha yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcr ve \u00e7evre ya da uzak b\u00f6lge organlara metastaz (s\u0131\u00e7rama) yapmazlar. K\u00f6t\u00fc huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rler (malign) ise daha h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcr, b\u00f6lgesel lenf bezelerine ve uzak organlara (akci\u011fer, karaci\u011fer, beyin, kemik vb..) metastaz (s\u0131\u00e7rama) yapma potansiyeline sahiptirler.<\/p>\n
Yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcyen iyi huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rler \u00e7o\u011fu kez kaps\u00fcl ad\u0131 verilen ince, zar\u0131ms\u0131 bir k\u0131l\u0131fla \u00e7evrilidir ve \u00e7evre dokulara yay\u0131lma (invazyon) yapmaz. Genellikle etraf dokular\u0131 itip kendilerine yer a\u00e7arak b\u00fcy\u00fcr. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fcme aylar, hatta y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde olu\u015fur. \u0130yi huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rler a\u011fr\u0131ya neden olmaz, hastalar \u00e7ok nadiren a\u011fr\u0131dan yak\u0131n\u0131r (t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn bas\u0131s\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131). A\u011fr\u0131 olma durumu da genellikle t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn kendinden ziyade dolayl\u0131 nedenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6t\u00fc huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rler (malign) daha h\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcr, b\u00f6lgesel lenf bezelerine ve uzak organlara (akci\u011fer, karaci\u011fer, beyin, kemik vb..) metastaz (s\u0131\u00e7rama) yapma potansiyeline sahiptirler. Bu a\u011fr\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn kemik, \u00e7ene eklemi gibi yap\u0131lar\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesine ba\u011fl\u0131 olu\u015fabilece\u011fi gibi do\u011frudan ba\u015f, y\u00fcz b\u00f6lgesinde de ya da a\u011fr\u0131 duyusunu ta\u015f\u0131yan sinirlere ula\u015fmas\u0131yla da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n
T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanserlerinin nedenleri bilinmemekle birlikte, baz\u0131 durumlar\u0131n bu riski artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda iyi huylu t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin uzun s\u00fcre t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi i\u00e7erisinde kalm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gelir. Bu nedenle t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn iyi huylu oldu\u011fu bilinse de, t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p al\u0131nmas\u0131 tercih edilmektedir. Radyasyon maruziyeti de t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck kanseri ihtimalini artt\u0131ran sebeplerdendir. Sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu kanserin g\u00f6r\u00fclme ihtimalini artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanseri ihtimalini de artt\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanserlerinin erken te\u015fhisi genellikle hastada olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131 \u015fikayetler do\u011frultusunda olmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131kl\u0131kla t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi b\u00f6lgesinde \u015fi\u015flik olu\u015fmakla birlikte bazen bu bulguya a\u011fr\u0131 da eklenebilir.
\nT\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanserlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme y\u00f6ntemlerinden de faydalan\u0131l\u0131r. En s\u0131k ve en basit y\u00f6ntem Boyun USG\u2019sidir. USG\u2019de \u015fi\u015fli\u011fin bir enfeksiyn mu yoksa t\u00fcm\u00f6ral bir geli\u015fim mi oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131labilir. Bu metod sonras\u0131nda gerekirse CT ve MR istenebilir. Kesin tan\u0131 i\u00e7in histopatolojik inceleme (biopsi) yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri genellikle iyi huyludurlar. T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerindeki t\u00fcm\u00f6rler i\u00e7erisinde en s\u0131k olarak parotis bezi (kulak \u00f6n\u00fc) t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6rler iyi huyludurlar. Agresif seyretmezler ve ba\u015fka b\u00f6lgeye yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri genellikle iyi huyludur. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerin tedavi sonucu hayatta kalma oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 95\u2019lerdedir. K\u00f6t\u00fc seyirli, tedavisine ge\u00e7 ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f veya tedavi edilmemi\u015f malign t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanserlerinde ba\u015far\u0131 oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 50\u2019lerdedir.<\/p>\n
Maj\u00f6r ve min\u00f6r t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerinin en s\u0131k benign t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc pleomorfik adenom olup, t\u00fcm t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinin y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131 ve t\u00fcm parotis t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinin y\u00fczde 65\u2019ini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. En s\u0131k g\u00f6z\u00fcken 2. Benign t\u00fcm\u00f6r Whartin t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc olup, baz\u0131 vakalarda operasyona gerek g\u00f6r\u00fclmez, takip yeterlidir. Maj\u00f6r ve min\u00f6r t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerinin en s\u0131k malign t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc mukoepidermoid karsinom olup, t\u00fcm t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinin y\u00fczde 10\u2019unu ve t\u00fcm malign t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerinin y\u00fczde 35\u2019ini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6r de en s\u0131k parotiste ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n
T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezindeki her t\u00fcm\u00f6r kanser de\u011fildir. Her \u015fi\u015flik k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu olmayabilir. Bunlar\u0131n az\u0131msanamayacak bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, \u00f6zellikle, kulak \u00f6n\u00fc t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerindekilerin (parotis bezi) b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc iyi huylu \u015fi\u015fliklerdir. Bu nedenle \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemle durulan konu, \u015fi\u015fliklerin iyi ya da k\u00f6t\u00fc huylu olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fcz kaslar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran sinir olan fasiyal sinir b\u00fcy\u00fck t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezimiz olan parotis bezinin i\u00e7inde seyretmektedir. Parotis bezinin maling t\u00fcm\u00f6rleri e\u011fer derin loba do\u011fru yay\u0131l\u0131p, y\u00fcz sinirini tutarsa y\u00fcz felci g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u011fne biyopsisi, uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada milyonlarca hastaya uygulanm\u0131\u015f ve halen de uygulanan bir te\u015fhis y\u00f6ntemidir. \u015eimdiye kadar t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn yay\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair bilimsel bir kan\u0131ta rastlanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle hekimler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenle uygulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanserinin nedenleri ne yaz\u0131k ki hen\u00fcz bilinmemektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla nas\u0131l \u00f6nlenebilece\u011fi konusunda herhangi bir \u015fey s\u00f6ylenemez. Sigarayla g\u0131rtlak kanseri ya da akci\u011fer kanseri aras\u0131nda nas\u0131l bir neden sonu\u00e7 ili\u015fkisi varsa, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6nlem almak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnse de t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanseri i\u00e7in b\u00f6yle bir ili\u015fki s\u00f6z konusu de\u011fildir. T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi kanserleri i\u00e7in al\u0131nabilecek tek \u00f6nlem, t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi i\u00e7indeki t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00e7ok gecikmeden m\u00fcdahale ederek cerrahi bir i\u015flem ile v\u00fccuttan \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kulak \u00f6n\u00fcnde, \u00e7ene alt\u0131nda ya da a\u011f\u0131z, bo\u011faz gibi b\u00f6lgelerde \u015fi\u015flik, kitle fark eden hasta bir s\u00fcre sonra hekime ba\u015fvurdu\u011funda te\u015fhis s\u00fcreci ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. Muayene ile t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezi t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fcnden \u015f\u00fcphelenen hekim, genellikle ultrason, MR (manyetik rezonans) ya da BT (bilgisayarl\u0131 tomografi) gibi radyolojik g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme ara\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u015fvurur. Bu t\u00fcm\u00f6r tan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmede muayeneden sonra ikinci ad\u0131m olacakt\u0131r. Ard\u0131ndan kimi zaman, i\u011fne biyopsisi ile kitleden h\u00fccre ya da doku \u00f6rne\u011fi almak, te\u015fhisi kesinle\u015ftirmek ve tedavi \u00f6ncesi planlamalar\u0131 en do\u011fru \u015fekilde yapabilmek i\u00e7in gerekli olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"T\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck salg\u0131s\u0131 t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezleri taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r. Her iki kula\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde birer tane (Parotis bezi), her iki \u00e7ene alt\u0131nda birer tane (Submandibuler bez), her iki dilalt\u0131nda birer tane (Sublingual bez) olmak \u00fczere toplam 6 adettir. Bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131z bo\u015flu\u011fu, burun, sin\u00fcsler, yutak, g\u0131rtlak, nefes borusu ve bron\u015f mukozas\u0131nda bulunan say\u0131lar\u0131 400-600 aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen min\u00f6r t\u00fck\u00fcr\u00fck bezlerinin…","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":112,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bas-boyun-kanserleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":124,"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18\/revisions\/124"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.drleventrenda.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}